Growing tulips as a business: plan, organization

The tulip flower is not only beautiful, but also not whimsical, which is why it occupies a leading place among flowers grown on an industrial scale. Despite the fact that this type of plant comes from Central Asia, it has taken root well in the conditions of the middle zone. Among the advantages of growing tulips as a business:

Excellent growth in greenhouse;
There is no need for additional lighting;
If you follow the growing technology, you can get from 1 square. m. 200 – 300 flowers.

Selection of the required variety

Before starting production, it is necessary to decide on the type of flower on the basis of which the business will be developed. It is optimal to start growing tulips in a greenhouse with the following varieties:

Liliaceae;
Fringed;
Triumph;
Terry;
Simple early;
Simple late;
Darwin's tulip.

Since this flower is mainly intended for spring holidays, the buyer prefers bright, saturated colors, which means that the most optimal shade ratio will be as follows:

Red – 40%;
Yellow – 20%;
White – 20%;
Lilac – 10%.

Advantages and disadvantages of business

Greenhouse business professionals believe that growing flowers in a greenhouse as a business is the most profitable option for beginners

and experienced entrepreneurs. Among the advantages of greenhouse floriculture:

high demand for quality flowers, stable throughout the year;
in winter and spring, the markup on plants increases significantly;
You can grow any plants
in a greenhouse , including exotic ones;
greenhouses are suitable for growing seedlings and potted crops;
high yield. You can cut about 250 flowers from one rose bush.

Despite the obvious advantages, growing flowers in greenhouses also has disadvantages:

Flowers are a capricious crop
that requires careful care. The business is suitable only for people who understand agriculture.
Year-round will not be cheap. The colder the region, the less profitable the business will be.
Cut flowers have a limited shelf life
.
It is important to think about the issue of selling products. For a successful and quick sale, you need to establish several channels: retail outlets in the market and kiosks, flower shops, wholesale buyers, etc.

Preparation of planting material

When purchasing bulbs, you should monitor their quality - the best results will be from strong and large ones with a diameter of 3.5 cm. It should be borne in mind that even with careful selection, 3% of the material will be defective.

You should expect that the cost for one bulb will be from 5 to 20 rubles, as well as the cost of delivery.

It is best to order delivery of bulbs from Holland, where the business for growing them is very well developed, plus the largest flower auctions in the world, which creates excellent conditions for optimal prices.

To reduce the cost of purchasing material, you can prepare the bulbs yourself; for this you use an onion from an open space.

Prepare the soil for planting flowers

The technology for growing tulips by March 8 involves preparing the soil. The germination of flowers and their durability after cutting will largely depend on this.

To force tulips, you can use a variety of substrates - garden soil, sand, perlite, sawdust, peat. More often, when industrially growing flowers, clean river sand with sawdust is used. The main condition is the homogeneity of the substrate and good absorption of water. Find suppliers of quality raw materials. Before planting, the soil is treated with hot air and fungicides.

At home, tulips are often grown in hydrogel (also called aquasoil). This is not “real” soil, but a polymer that can absorb and hold water, meaning your plants will need to be watered much less frequently. The technique is good, but it is not suitable for industrial breeding - the cost of preparing the site for planting is too high. It is not realistic to grow thousands of tulips in aqua soil. Growing in water can be classified in the same category - the technique is not suitable for farms.

An excellent alternative to growing tulips in soil is to force them hydroponically. This is an artificial nutrient medium with all the nutrients necessary for the rapid growth of flowers. The advantages of the hydroponic method are that there is no need to regularly cultivate the soil, the durability of the installations, the rapid maturation of plants, and the ability to automate the process.

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Greenhouse with necessary equipment

A greenhouse is most often made of polycarbonate and costs around 10,000 rubles with a size of 3 by 8 m, it should be:

Required area;
Well-transmitted sunlight;
Have electric lighting;
Have an irrigation system;
Available temperature control.

To cool the bulbs, refrigeration chambers with a temperature of 5 - 9 degrees are required. This is about another 14,000 rubles.

Irrigation system – 2 – 3 thousand rubles.

From 7 to 10 thousand electric heating;

We also need money for a fan.

How to equip a greenhouse?

Flowers are very demanding on quality lighting.

, soil moisture and nutritional levels. But the most important issue is heating the greenhouse. This can be solved by built-in mini-boiler rooms, but small structures are often heated with conventional air heaters or potbelly stoves.

Heating using fires and biofuel is also possible. Sheets of roofing felt, which are laid out around the entire perimeter, will help to retain heat.

Even the simplest greenhouses need a ventilation system

and curtains for shading during the summer heat. The design can be supplemented with a system of drip irrigation, fogging, temperature and humidity control.

All these functions can be

. This approach will help save on hired personnel to maintain greenhouses, but the initial investment will increase significantly.

Flowers can be planted directly in the ground, in containers hanging or mounted on racks. In industrial conditions, flowers are grown in bags filled with substrates made of perlite, coconut fiber, mineral wool, etc.

The prepared mats are laid out in special gutters with drainage holes; plants pre-rooted in seedling cubes are planted in the substrate

. This technology allows you to significantly save space in the greenhouse; up to 7 rose bushes can be placed on one linear meter.

Planting plan

There are 2 options for making a landing plan:

Bulbs are planted in November;
From the beginning of January, having previously determined the flowering date.

To plant the material, use a box 80 by 40 cm, 1 sq. m. will fit about 4 such containers.

A box holds 80 tulips, which means there will be 320 flowers per meter, which is 320 bulbs plus 4 boxes. Thus, you can determine the cost of funds per 1 sq. m. m.

On average, it takes 17 weeks to grow a batch, after which profit is expected.

When to plant tulips by March 8, planting date

Growing a tulip is not at all difficult. Most summer residents plant it in their flower beds. Growing it for the holiday is not an easy task. You need to correctly calculate the planting date. Forcing alone is not enough; the tulip needs to release its bud in advance.

Before planting a tulip, it should stand in a refrigerated room at 7 - 9 ° for 91 to 140 days. This is the main pattern without which the tulip will not take root and will not give all the nutrients to the stem or bud. For correct deduction, you need to subtract 112 days for cooling + 35 days for growth. Total 133 days. This means that we subtract the maximum of 147 days from March 2 and get the date October 5.

The starting point of growth after passing through a long cooling stage from October 5 is considered to be January 20-25. It is during this period that boxes with rooted tulips are transferred to the greenhouse.

The planting date may vary from the calculated date + 3 or – 3 days. It all depends on when you plan to cut the tulip, just before March 6th or 14 days earlier for storage in warehouses.

Determination with cultivation method

There are 2 most common methods of growing tulips:

Traditional - when the bulbs, planted and watered, are stored at a temperature of 12 degrees, when a 10 cm sprout appears, they are transferred to a warm place, where the temperature gradually rises to 18 degrees.

Regular watering and lighting are observed when sprouts appear, up to 6 hours a day.

Dutch - strict adherence to temperature indicators is a much more expensive matter:

12 weeks before planting at 5 degrees.
After planting, store in a cold room with a humidity of 90%.
For rooting to occur, the air temperature should be about 13 degrees and the soil 11.
Then it rises to 18 degrees.
When the bulbs have sprouted, remove the unsprouted material to prevent mold from appearing.

What technology is used to grow tulips?

Even at the start, decide on what method you will use to grow flowers. The amount of planting material purchased and the required volume of soil will depend on this. Growing Dutch tulips can be done using the following technologies:

Traditional. First, the bulbs are planted in wooden boxes. After the plants are rooted, they are transferred to greenhouse soil. In this case, it becomes possible to control the development of tulips by increasing or decreasing the temperature in the room.
Dutch. It is believed that this is a more complex technology, but it allows you to get more flowers - up to 370 tulips per 1 m2. The difficulties lie in maintaining the required temperature conditions. It turns out that Dutch technology is suitable only for those who have greenhouses with automatic temperature control.

Beginners in the business should choose the traditional method of growing tulips for the purpose of further selling them. This technology is much easier to master!

Proper care is the key to high profits

For a business to give positive results it is necessary:

Before planting, peel the bulbs;
During planting, the temperature in the greenhouse should be 9 degrees;
A square meter can hold at least 350 bulbs;
The ground is always wet, but not flooded;
2 weeks after forcing, increase the temperature to 18 degrees;
Constantly monitor the plants; immediately remove spoiled or ungerminated ones;
Maintain humidity conditions;
Cut flowers before the buds open.

Conditions for growing tulips

The technology of forcing tulips is familiar to all gardeners. And it’s quite possible for even beginners to learn the rules! If you are not knowledgeable in the matter, it is worth spending time studying the technology in detail.

First, the tulip bulbs are grown. The soil mixture is poured into wooden boxes (5-8 cm layer) and watered. Next, you need to plant the bulbs in the substrate - at a distance of approximately 1-2 cm from each other. The boxes are placed in a room with high humidity and temperature +5...+9 °C. When the first shoots appear above the ground, the temperature should be lowered to +2 °C. When to plant tulips by March 8? Rooting of the bulbs occurs within 15-22 weeks. After this, you can transfer the seedlings to their “permanent place of residence.” 3 weeks before the expected planting date, the bulbs should be kept in the ground at a temperature of +13...+18 °C. Then the seedlings are transferred to the greenhouse. Planting pattern - at a distance of 7-9 cm from each other, to a depth of 15 cm.

When to plant tulip bulbs? Farmers have several options - in November or January. To be able to conduct business year-round, you should plant flowers 2 times a year.

Caring for tulips does not require much effort:

The optimal growing temperature is 9-10 °C.
Water regularly. But don't let it overflow!
Inspect growing flowers regularly. If you notice traces of the disease on the stems and leaves, you should tear the plants out of the ground.
Excessively high air humidity is unacceptable.

Flowers are cut while their buds have not yet opened. Plants are placed in boxes strictly vertically - they will “live” longer this way. Before sale, tulips are stored at a temperature of 2-3 °C.

Harvesting

A properly harvested harvest is half of a successful business; there are a certain number of nuances:

When the buds are still green, the flowers are pulled out directly from the bulb and placed vertically.
Cutting is done early in the morning at a temperature of 12 degrees, when the bud is half colored.
Flowers that are ready for sale are stored at 2 - 3 degrees, so they will retain their presentation for a month.
Before the sale itself, the temperature is raised and the flowers are sorted into boxes. Sometimes the bulbs are left, this adds emphasis to the appearance of the product. They last longer for the client, but their price is much higher

How to make money on tulips by March 8

To the happiness and joy of women, the joy of sellers from the mere thought of profit is added. A lot of money is raised in a few days, some do not make such a profit in a year. This applies only to large wholesalers who have been in this business for years.

Anyone can make money on a tulip, from a student to a pensioner. After all, in business, the main thing is not age, but desire, aspiration, dexterity, and, of course, logic. After all, the smartest and most experienced people buy flowers cheaper. They are prepared in advance, then sold in three ways.

One day of trading can bring from 1,000 rubles. up to 30,000 rub. It all depends on the number of flowers purchased and preparation. Experienced flower growers begin to prepare six months in advance, renting cold rooms for several weeks to store flowers.

There are many wholesale companies selling tulips; everyone’s pricing policy is different. Therefore, you should initially take a closer look at the price, choose the price-quality ratio, and then purchase. You also need to find wholesale green accompaniments for bouquets and packaging material.

The maximum shelf life of a tulip at a ceiling temperature of + 5 C is no more than 14 days. Be sure to compare the date of purchase with the date of sale. Store the tulip without water or lighting without removing the packaging. Before sale, the stems are trimmed two to three days before they are sold and placed in water along with the packaging. If this is not done, the flower will wither in a couple of hours.

The packaging of flowers is not removed until the moment of sale. Even on display they are packed in water.

There are two ways to sell a flower, legal and not so legal.

The “not very” option in your city is a risk. It can have unpleasant consequences; at a minimum, you can be fined from 500 to 2500 rubles.
Legal, implies permission for a period of up to three days. You have a permit in your hands, and without registering an individual entrepreneur. Now you can easily rent a shop and sell flowers. Permission is taken at the place of trade from the administrators. Take into account the fact that there will be many people willing to trade, so you need to negotiate in advance. Many negotiate with retail space administrators a month or even two in advance. There may simply not be enough space.
There is also a third option. Delivery of flowers to order , if you collect the order in advance from friends, at work, near your offices. Then the risk is generally minimal, because the flower goes directly to the client.

The calculation is as follows: one package of 20 flowers. Based on this, an order is made. One package may contain an assortment of several shades. By the way, several packages are not exactly a wholesale order. The minimum quantity for release to customers can vary from 500 pieces and above. You need to understand this: there are a lot of them for you, but nothing for the wholesaler; the price may differ slightly from the wholesale price. But even here it’s not all that scary; you can always negotiate or cooperate with a larger wholesaler.

When choosing a flower, talk to it, listen to its answer. This is not a mockery, this is the main selection rule. When you lightly press on the package of flowers, they begin to crunch. If this does not happen, then the flower has been cut long ago and has been lying around for more than two weeks.

The following varieties are considered the most popular:

To create bouquets you will need supplies. There is no way to do without them; they are unlikely to buy a tulip without packaging and decorations.

Income depends on your desire. There is no minimum or maximum in this business, there is only your desire and aspiration. If you decide to sell your own tulip, stick to it. The price should be the same as everyone else’s; they won’t take the expensive one; they will doubt the cheap one. Start trading on the fifth, the sixth is in full swing, the height of the seventh, the eighth peak. Well, on the ninth they pick up a flower when they go to visit. For one shop it is quite possible to push up to 4000 pieces.

Lucky gamblers, of course, can take risks, but for those who are not sure, it is better to take a maximum of 1000 pieces. It's better to go into next season with confidence than to have uncovered costs. How much you can earn is all up to you. You can really make money.

Expense calculations

For example, profit is expected from 2000 bulbs, for this you need:

25 boxes, which is approximately 500 rubles;
2000 bulbs at an average price of 15 rubles - 30,000 rubles;
A greenhouse with this amount of material is 6 sq. m – from 12,000 rubles;
Electricity consumption for additional lighting for 12 hours a day for 52 days is about 300 kW, which is an average of 1000 rubles;
Heating - here it all depends on the method used, but if we take the conventionally electric method, then on average it will be 2 times higher than lighting, and that’s 2000 rubles;
Mesh for boxes – 600 rubles;
If you sell it yourself, then the cost of packaging and film will be about 1,500 rubles.

Total:

500+30 000+12 000+1000+2000+600+1500

It comes out to about 48,000 rubles.

Profitability of the planned business

The profitability of the flower business, as practice shows, is high. The selling price of tulips is significantly higher than their cost.

The costs of organizing a business (installation and equipment of a greenhouse, purchasing bulbs, soil and fertilizers, registering a business) will be approximately 150,000 rubles. This is in the case of planting 4000 bulbs - the optimal amount for a small farm. The wholesale cost of tulips on the market is 30-50 rubles/piece. It turns out that by selling such a number of flowers you can earn up to 200,000 rubles. This is, of course, provided that all of them ascend. Under good circumstances, all costs will pay off within the first year of doing business.

Tulips can be sold to flower shops and private buyers. A good option is to rent a sales place in public places (near markets, large shopping centers) during the holidays.

In the future, to increase the profitability of the farm, it is possible to start producing tulips in glass balls. This will require additional equipment. But the expenses will pay off, since souvenir products are in great demand among wholesale and private consumers.

Profit

On holidays, the cost of one flower can reach 80 rubles, but you need to focus on the average price, which is 40 rubles. It turns out that we multiply 2000 by 40 and it turns out to be 80,000 rubles, minus expenses and net profit reaches 32,000.

It should be noted that this profit is in the first year; in subsequent years it will be higher, since you will only have to spend on planting material, chemicals and packaging.

Considering the fact that a couple of people can handle so many bulbs and this business can be combined with other activities, this business plan for growing tulips is profitable, because it is a good addition to the family budget.
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Organization of a room for growing tulips

Growing tulips at home will not bring you the expected profit. The maximum that is possible here is to grow flowers for yourself and for sale to neighbors. In this case, you can even organize growing in pots - at home or outdoors. But in winter we will have to suspend activities - it is very cold outside. A full-fledged business will require a much more serious approach.

Outdoor cultivation is more common in Europe, where the climate is mild. In this way, you can grow flowers here too - but only in those regions where snow does not fall in winter.

You cannot do without a well-equipped greenhouse - then you can sell flowers all year round! To grow tulips in winter you will need one or more greenhouses with a minimum size of 3*8 m. What should be there?

Transparent walls that will let light through.
Electric lighting.
Irrigation system.
Automatic heating system.
Ventilation system.

To build from scratch and equip one greenhouse you will need approximately 50,000 rubles. You can save money by abandoning the irrigation system at first. But then you will have to do it yourself.

Include other items in the cost of purchasing equipment and inventory - refrigeration equipment for storing cut flowers, wooden boxes, shovels, hoes, watering cans.

If you buy an automatic line for growing tulips, you will significantly reduce the time spent on growing them. The equipment consists of conveyors for sorting bulbs and trimming flowers, refrigerators, and systems for growing plants. But for beginners in business, when sales channels have not yet been established, this is an unaffordable waste. This practice is more suitable for large farms with million-dollar turnover.

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Storing tulips after cutting

The flower is prepared for storage in warehouses 7 - 14 days before the start of the holiday. Basically, pruning begins on February 23rd. The degree of maturity of the bud at the time of cutting is the beginning of coloring.

After pruning, the flowers stand in boxes with water and are drunk with water. Then they are packaged in special packaging, paper only. Wrap tightly and place in cardboard boxes. Store in dark, cool rooms (specialized refrigerators) for no more than 15-21 days.

To summarize:

Growing tulips is quite a profitable business. Even an inexperienced beginner can cope with such a labor-intensive process. By following our recommendations, you can easily grow a beautiful tulip for any occasion.

Varieties of tulips for forcing by March 8

Experienced flower growers recommend planting a late variety tulip. These include:

Based on the color scheme, for forcing for Women's Day they recommend:

What needs to be done to make tulips bloom by March 8

After planting in the third week, the tulip should expel the bud. 7 - 10 days after the bud appears, flowering begins.

If the cutting time is appropriate, but there are no buds yet, you need to increase the round-the-clock temperature to +15 - 18° for up to 3 days, and add the number of hours for lighting. The norm is at least 12 hours. It can be increased by another 2 hours.
During the period when the buds begin to change color, the temperature is reduced to +12 - 15°.

Deadlines for forcing tulips by March 8

After planting, the rutting period of the stem begins. Growing strong stems and buds is done only in warm, well-heated greenhouses.

After transferring the bulbs from refrigerators, the forcing period takes from 30 to 35 days. The growth period can be adjusted, reduced or accelerated. To do this, change the temperature and light level.

The rutting time of a tulip depends on the variety. Each variety comes with technical specifications, which contain a clear description of the growth period and air temperature in the greenhouse.

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