06/12/201908/13/2019 Irina Malinina 0 comments
If you have an old and unsightly fence on your property, then perennial mallow can “hide” and “camouflage” it! The majestic and proud beauty is very unpretentious and unpretentious. If it grows with your neighbors, then often you don’t even need to plant it specially - it “comes to visit” itself and grows slender and blooming profusely. And you yourself won’t want to part with it - it’s hard to resist such beauty, because, like any coquette, the mallow can boast of the varied colors of its lush outfits.
Well, if you are unlucky and she has passed your yard, then “invite” her yourself, and we will now tell you in detail how to care for the beautiful Malvina.
Perennial mallow - botanical description
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Mallow, mallow, marshmallow, stockrose - all this is one name for a tall plant belonging to the Malvaceae family, except that the latter belongs to a different genus, but there are differences between they are insignificant. Mallow is widespread in tropical and temperate climates, and in our country this candle flower is found on the plot of almost every gardener.
What does Malvina (mallow) look like? This is a perennial, reaching a height of up to two meters. The trunk is straight, powerful, pubescent in “youth”, later – bare. The leaves are large, “spreading”. The root system is well branched, the roots are long, taprooted, and go deep into the ground.
Many women and girls can remember how they made dolls in childhood, using an upside-down mallow flower as a fluffy dress. And the head was attached from unopened buds - so the doll was ready in evening dress.
The corolla consists of five rounded fused petals; there are many stamens, they are attached to the corolla and form a tube. The flowers are located in the axils of the leaves and can be of different shapes, sizes and shades, since the plant has many varieties and varieties. Color varies from white to almost black. Flowers bloom from bottom to top, flowering begins in July and continues until early autumn.
In central Russia, mallow is grown as a biennial. In the first year a rosette of leaves appears, and in the second year a tall peduncle appears. But in the southern regions the plant can grow and bloom in the same place for three to five years.
This is a self-seeding flower; it reproduces well on its own. Seeds can also be collected by hand and sown before winter, or seedlings can be grown in the spring and planted in May.
Mallow is used in cooking and medicine. Its leaves are added to salads and soups, and its seeds taste like cheese and are used as a savory seasoning. Decoctions and infusions help with respiratory diseases, especially with a dry and barking cough. If your throat hurts or there are diseases of the oral cavity, then rinsing will quickly eliminate the problem. Mallow was often used to treat the digestive system. And externally, it is used to treat skin diseases and make sitz baths for hemorrhoids.
The plant has an enveloping, anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator and mild laxative effect. However, you should not self-medicate; in any case, all the necessary medications should be prescribed to you by a doctor.
Popular types and varieties of mallow
Rose hollyhock, or rose mallow (Alcea rosea)
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It looks very impressive if planted in a group. It reaches a height of 2-2.5 meters. But the color scheme can be not only pink, but also white, yellow, red, lilac and even violet. There is practically no aroma.
A striking representative is the terry variety Pleniflora Chaters. It is distinguished by its varied colors and “fluffy” multi-layered flowers.
Rose wrinkled stock (Alcea rugosa)
Grows up to one and a half to two meters, frost-resistant. The leaf blades are wrinkled and the petals are corrugated. The color of the flowers is all shades of yellow.
Musk mallow (Malva moschata)
Photo: https://www.pexels.com/photo/macro-photography-of-malva-flower-584387/
It has a specific musk aroma. It is used not only as an ornamental plant, but also as a medicinal plant. Low-growing species - no more than one meter. The diameter of the flowers is up to five centimeters, but they are located very densely on the peduncle, forming a lush blooming “column”.
Wood mallow (Malva sylvestris)
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Also used to treat many diseases. It contains many mucous components that have an enveloping effect on the gastrointestinal tract and also have an anti-inflammatory effect in diseases of the respiratory system. If you brew wild mallow flowers, you can get a dark red drink reminiscent of hibiscus. However, the latter is prepared from the petals of the Sudanese rose (hibiscus), and it also belongs to the Malvaceae family.
Small flowers of different colors. Unfortunately, the species is mainly grown as an annual plant, since it is too heat-loving and does not survive in our winters.
The Zebrina variety looks very decorative, blooming with pink flowers with dark purple stripes.
Hybrid species
When crossing the above-mentioned species, many hybrids and variety groups of various colors appeared.
- Majorette Mixed. They do not exceed 75 cm in height, the flowers are semi-double with jagged petals, like a carnation.
- Chater's Double. Tall group (up to two meters). Double flowers with wavy petals are large in size and incredibly lush.
- Halo. The flowers are simple, but in the center of each of them there is a bright contrasting spot, similar to radiance, which is how the group got its name.
- Nigra. Recently, this is a very popular variety, since the petals are almost black in color and look very original among the bright variety.
- Creme de Cassis. Semi-double flowers in all shades of purple.
- Pleniflora. Lush terry color of a delicate yellow-cream shade.
- Peach'n'Dreams. Peach-colored ruffled petals.
Planting and care in open ground
Mallow is a very unpretentious flower, so it does not require special care, except perhaps only cosmetic care - trimming faded peduncles and gartering from the wind. But first things first!
Planting seeds
Depending on the climatic region, in March-April, mallow seeds are planted as seedlings. Since germination often leaves much to be desired, many people use the “boiling water” method, when after planting the seeds, the substrate is watered with boiling water.
Oddly enough, such a “shake” has a beneficial effect on the seed material, and sprouts quickly hatch from it. Be sure to cover the containers with film or glass to create a greenhouse effect!
After two true leaves have grown, the mallow should be transplanted into a deeper container, since its root is a taproot and occupies a larger area. Otherwise it will bend. Moreover, if several seedlings grow nearby at once, the root systems are intertwined, and it can be difficult to “untangle” them.
Seedlings should be planted as early as possible, around May, as soon as the soil finally warms up and while the seedlings are young. Older plants do not tolerate transplantation and may “get sick” and not adapt to new conditions.
Since perennial mallow does not like transplants, it is better to sow the seeds immediately at a permanent “place of residence” in the open ground. Or initially sow it in special peat pots that do not require the plants to be removed before planting.
Prepare a bed next to natural supports - fences or fences. Select an initially sunny and windless place; do not forget that the mallow will grow tall “candle” and may break or lie on the ground during bad weather.
Loosen the soil well, make furrows and pour boiling water over them (this is not necessary, but this unusual method is good for faster seed germination). Sow the seeds at a short distance from each other, thirty to forty centimeters between them will be enough. If you did not use the “boiling water” method, then water the bed with settled water from a watering can. In ten days the first shoots will appear.
Typically, hollyhocks grown from seeds bloom the following year. There are varieties that bloom already at the end of summer, but they are not sown immediately in open ground, but are grown using seedlings.
Soil Features
Perennial mallow prefers light, permeable soils with a neutral or slightly acidic reaction. Of course, if you fertilize the soil with organic or mineral fertilizers before planting, the plants will grow more powerful, stronger and will delight you with abundant flowering with large, bright flowers.
Heavy clay soil is not desirable for mallow, although it can grow anywhere. It is not recommended to plant flowers in lowlands, where melt water accumulates and high humidity remains after rains - excessively wet soil will lead to diseases and rotting of the root system.
Humidity and watering
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You need to water the mallow so that there is no stagnation of water. It often grows naturally, without any care, and usually feels great. Many even consider it a weed, even though it blooms beautifully, since it can be difficult to “get rid” of it. Mallow does not need regular watering, but beautiful varietal species are still less persistent than wild ones, so they periodically require moderate watering.
Once a week, five liters for each plant - this is the norm for soil moisture in extreme heat. Do not forget that mallow is a child of the tropics, which means it does not easily tolerate drought.
Temperature and lighting
Mallow is a perennial unpretentious plant, but it will bloom more luxuriantly if it is grown in sunny areas protected from the wind.
At the same time, it exists effortlessly at a wide range of temperatures, easily tolerates drought and frost, but it can no longer handle severe frosts. However, breeders are not wasting time and are developing new frost-resistant varieties.
Garter
The mallow flower feels best next to a support - fences, fences, gazebos, walls of buildings. It is recommended to plant them in a cluster, next to each other. In this case, the flowers can easily be tied to natural supports.
If the perennial mallow grows in an open area, then on a windy day, storm, or thunderstorm, it can lie on the ground, bend over, or even break. To prevent this from happening, it is tied to specially driven pegs, between which twine is stretched.
It happens that side shoots appear, on which the plant spends energy and nutrition. When the soil is poor, excess branches can be broken off, but this is usually not done. Mallow is unpretentious and does not suffer from lack of feeding.
This plant does not require crown formation or pruning.
Fertilizer application
“Fatty” and fertile soil does not require fertilizing; rather, it will only do harm - flowers with excess fertilizer “grow fat” and increase the foliage mass more than they delight with their flowering.
If the soil is “poor”, then when planting mallow, be sure to add compost, humus, rotted manure or bird droppings to the holes. A week before flowering, it is advisable to feed the plant with a mineral complex fertilizer.
Site selection
The place for growing terry mallow should warm up and be well lit during the day. An open area, but protected from cold winds, is preferable. In the shade, the stems of the plant stretch out, and the number of inflorescences decreases significantly. Some varieties refuse to bloom at all in such conditions.
The soil for planting should be loose, fertile, but well drained. The flower can grow on poor soil, but for full flowering it needs regular feeding.
Important! The ideal soil for terry mallow is loam. But other soil will do just fine.
Before planting, the area is prepared in advance. If necessary, add sand, humus and peat. After which the flowerbed is dug up to a depth of 20-25 cm. Seedlings of terry varieties are planted at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other; the plants are vigorous, grow quickly and interfere with each other.
Reproduction methods
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You need to know that growing mallow with seeds almost always deprives the flower of its varietal properties due to too active cross-pollination. If you have an ordinary mallow growing, then it will reproduce perfectly on its own, “scattering” its seeds around. Terry and hybrid varieties often have sterile seeds or lose their exotic coloring and decorativeness if you try to grow them using self-collected seeds.
But in addition to the seed method, you can get a “new” varietal plant by dividing the bush or cuttings.
Dividing the bush
A large bush can always be divided into two or even three sections. Divide it in the spring before vegetative growth or in the fall after flowering. The bush is dug up with a pitchfork to damage the root system as little as possible, and is divided into parts.
Each of them needs to be transplanted into a pre-prepared hole, just try to keep as much soil on the roots as possible. In this case, adaptation to a new place will be much easier.
Cuttings
The cutting method is usually used to propagate terry varieties. In spring, root cuttings are separated, and in summer and autumn, stem cuttings are separated. They can be rooted in separate containers or mini-greenhouses, covered with a glass jar or cut-off plastic bottle. Do not forget to treat the cuts with activated carbon, wood ash or potassium permanganate solution.
To make the roots “hatch” faster, you can treat the cut of the cutting with a growth stimulator, for example, “Kornevin”.
Unfortunately, if cuttings give almost one hundred percent results for other flowering plants, then in the case of mallow the effect is not so rosy. The survival rate of cuttings is very low, so flower growers do not like this method.
But if it is not possible to obtain all the varietal characteristics of a flower using another method, then you have to make an effort and achieve rooting of the cuttings. It is recommended to plant them immediately in peat pots so that adaptation to open ground is painless.
How to care for autumn and prepare for winter
Tall peduncles after flowering must be cut almost to soil level so that the flower does not waste energy on ripening the seeds. However, you can leave a few plants and collect seed material.
Some species, for example, musk mallow, after pruning, manage to expel another peduncle and bloom again. But this also depends on climatic conditions.
Before frost, the mallow should be pruned again. Some gardeners believe that it will be sufficient to remove only the flower stalks, while others argue that it is necessary to trim the plant to ground level along with the leaf rosette.
Do as you please. The trimmed “stump” will be reliably protected from frost by snowdrifts in the southern regions, and in central Russia it is advisable to insulate the mallow with spruce branches, fallen leaves, straw or a special non-woven covering.
Is it possible for children
Mallow can be used to treat children. It allows you to relieve your child of cold symptoms, eliminate skin rashes, and improve health without the use of synthetic products. However, it is worth considering that mallow is classified as a medicinal plant, so when treating children, you must adhere to several rules:
- Do not start therapy without first consulting a pediatrician.
- During the appointment, monitor changes in the child’s condition.
- If a negative reaction occurs, stop taking the medicine and consult a doctor.
Diseases and pests
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Mallow has strong immunity and is practically not susceptible to diseases, and pests often avoid it. But there are times when this strong plant begins to wither.
With excessive watering, mallow suffers from fungal infections, in particular rust or powdery mildew. You can get rid of them by spraying with fungicidal preparations or colloidal sulfur. Most likely, several treatments will be needed.
Of the parasitic insects, mallow can be attacked by:
- spider mite, which settles on the “wrong side” of the leaf and feeds on its sap;
- aphids that prefer the sweet juice of unopened buds.
You can get rid of these pests using traditional methods. The most popular is spraying with a strong soap solution made from hot water and brown laundry soap. Flowers must be sprayed in the morning or after sunset, and then repeat the procedure several times with an interval of 3-5 days.
If the number of insects is large and a soap solution does not help, then you can use insecticides that are sold in specialized flower shops. By following the instructions, you will not only get rid of parasites, but also limit their spread to other plants.
Problems and solution
Difficulties with mallow rarely arise, but no one is immune from them, so novice gardeners often worry that something is wrong with the plant.
| Problem | Cause |
| The leaves turn yellow and dry out. | Possible reasons:
If the problem is a disease, then it is necessary to spray the flower with colloidal sulfur, copper oxychloride, Bordeaux mixture or any fungicide. Excessive or insufficient watering is corrected on site. |
| The tips of the leaves turned white and curled, and then withered. The plant itself grows poorly and practically does not bloom. | Lack of calcium in the soil. |
| The leaves become pale green (until a bluish tint appears), the edges turn brown and curl. | Not enough potassium. |
| The mallow has vigorous foliage but has not bloomed. | Remember, haven’t you gone too far with nitrogenous fertilizers, which contribute to the growth of green mass to the detriment of flowering? The second reason is that most varieties do not bloom in the first year, especially if they were grown from seeds using the seedless method. |
| Poor growth, poor and faded flowering. | Most likely, the mallow does not have enough sun. When planting it, shaded areas should be avoided. |
Healing properties
For a long time, mallow has been famous for its beneficial properties.
For example, an infusion of the flowers of this plant can help with intestinal and stomach disorders. A decoction based on mallow flowers helps to cope with skin diseases, relieves itching, and is used to heal cuts and other wounds. Mallow inflorescences contain useful elements such as sugar, carotene and vitamin C.
The plant is widely used in cosmetology. Its healing properties can restore the epidermis.
Perennial mallow in landscape design
Mallow flowers are tall, so they are most often planted in the background or near natural supports - walls, fences, fences. If you combine mallow with cosmos and decorative sunflowers, you can get a tall jungle on your site that requires virtually no maintenance. Often the stock rose is planted with bright phloxes.
Malva will never look solo - only in a group. And if the flowers are of different colors, it will be simply an amazing sight.
It’s not for nothing that mallow is used to camouflage unsightly fences - against their background it looks especially colorful, and a dilapidated picket fence takes on a sophisticated, rustic look.
With the help of mallow, you can delimit the space by planting it with a living fence. In addition, it is indispensable when creating multi-level flower beds - its place is in the background, but it does not get lost there at all, but rather encloses the rest of the plants and gives the flower bed a finished look.
Mallow goes well with delphinium, phlox, monarda, and cornflower.
Combination with other plants
The showy mallow flowers look great in group plantings. Luxurious gramophone buds (funnels) on a long peduncle look great against the backdrop of a green lawn or framed by marigold borders.
A hedge made of mallow is an interesting fencing option for a certain area in the country. You can plant flowers with luxurious buds along a low fence or create a composition of two or three varieties with large buds of different shades.
Landscape designers, summer residents, amateur gardeners and residents of private homes often use hollyhocks to decorate their areas. The plant is unpretentious, blooms for a long time, and goes well with many types of green decor.
Growing rolls in the garden and near the house is much easier than other types of open ground plants. In terms of unpretentiousness, perennial mallow is surpassed by a few species, for example, gaillardia (“variegated daisy”).
Planting and care, diseases and pests, propagation by seeds and cuttings - useful information for all amateur gardeners, fans of plants with spectacular buds and bright greenery.
More useful information about caring for mallow from planting to collecting seeds can be found after watching the following video:
